How to Repair Cracks in Concrete Sidewalks?

Repeated freeze-thaw cycles, tree roots, and extreme weather conditions, all contribute to crack formation in the sidewalks. These cracks can be of different types, and fixing them requires different solutions.

While some cracks could be fixed by simply filling the concrete bond, others might require professional help. Learn the reasons why these cracks might be appearing on your sidewalks and what solutions you can take to fix them.

Types of Sidewalk Cracks

Concrete cracks can vary based on their shape, size, and depth. Some common types of cracks you might notice on your sidewalks include:

Hairline Cracks: These cracks are thin and appear due to the shrinkage of concrete during the drying process. Fixing these cracks is the easiest, as it can be done by resurfacing and sealing the concrete.

Spalling Cracks: Spalling cracks occur when a small piece of concrete breaks off. The common cause of spalling cracks is the freeze-thaw cycle or exposure to harsh deicing chemicals. Patching the damages and resurfacing can fix these damages.

Joint Cracks: these cracks form in the expansion joints between the concrete slab. They usually occur due to the expansion or settlement of concrete. Using caulk to fix these damages can be an efficient approach.

Structural Cracks: These cracks are deep and indicate underlying issues with the concrete foundation. Such damage has only one solution and that is the complete replacement of sidewalks to ensure structural stability.

Reasons Why Sidewalk Cracks Might Form

Several reasons can contribute to the formation of cracks in concrete sidewalks, including:

Temperature changes: Extreme weather changes can cause the concrete to expand and contract and lead to the formation of cracks.
Soil Movement: Shifting of soil due to an earthquake or any other reason can put pressure on the slabs and result in crack formation.
Poor Installation: Poor techniques used while constructing the slabs, like inadequate time given to the curing process or improperly mixed concrete, cause cracks.
Tree Root Invasion: Growing tree roots near your concrete structure can exert pressure on the concrete and cause it to crack.
Excessive Weight: The heavy weight of construction machinery and vehicles can also cause the sidewalks to be damaged and form deep cracks.
De-icing Chemicals: De-icing salts can be harsh on concrete surfaces and can accelerate the deterioration process and cracks.
Solutions to Fix Cracked Sidewalks?

The appropriate repair method depends on the type and severity of the crack. Here are some common approaches that can be used:

Sealing Cracks: For small, hairline cracks, sealing with a high-quality concrete sealant can prevent water infiltration and further damage.
Filling Cracks: Larger cracks may require filling with a concrete patching compound. This involves cleaning the crack, applying a bonding agent, and filling it with the patching material.
Replacing Concrete: Severe cracks or those affecting multiple slabs may necessitate replacing the damaged concrete. This involves removing the old concrete and pouring new concrete.
Joint Sealing: To prevent water from entering the joints between slabs, applying a flexible joint sealant can help.

Types of Concrete Fillers and Mixes

Multiple types of concrete fillers and mixes are available in the market. Some of these come ready-to-use in pourable bottles. You can also use some of these tube designs in your masonry caulk gun and put the filler directly into the crack.

Crack Filler: There are multiple types of fillers, including acrylic, polyurethane, epoxy, or asphalt emulsion, that you can use. These fillers are usually waterproof and long-lasting.
Patching Mix: These patching mixes are usually made from vinyl, Portland cement, and sand. You can use it to repair smaller gaps in concrete. These are a less expensive alternative as compared to other options.
Hydraulic Cement: It can be used to block the running water and seal leaks in the cracked concrete. This option is efficient if you are looking for quick repairs.
Sealant: Use sealant to fix the cracks, and joints, or fill any gaps between concrete. Sealants are often used in places where materials like concrete or mortar can’t be used.

What Types of Cracks Can Be Fixed Through DIY Repair?

Small hairline cracks and some joint cracks can often be repaired with a DIY approach. However, larger, deeper cracks, or those indicating structural issues, require a professional sidewalk contractor’s help.

When Do You Need Professional Help?

Consult a concrete contractor if:

The cracks are extensive or deep.
You notice signs of structural damage, such as sagging or uneven slabs.
You are unsure about the best repair method.
You want to ensure the repair is done correctly and lasts.

Conclusion

Cracks in your concrete sidewalks can reduce the curb appeal and, if not addressed properly, can lead to extensive damage. By understanding the types of damages, the reasons why they might occur, and the relevant repair solutions, you can get them fixed in no time.

Keep in mind that if the minor cracks can be fixed yourself, taking a professional contractor’s services to help with deep cracks and durable results is an efficient solution.